Wu3857: /* Reference */

2019-08-19T23:10:14Z

‎Reference

Wu3857: /* Experimental Evidence */

2019-08-02T03:31:14Z

‎Experimental Evidence

Wu3857: Created page with "{| align="left" | TOC |} {{#invoke:InfoboxforTarget|run|PPARγ, PPAR gamma, PPARG|[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P37231 P37231]|Homo sapiens|Cys313|Nuclear hormone r..."

2019-08-02T03:30:22Z

Created page with "{| align="left" | __TOC__ |} {{#invoke:InfoboxforTarget|run|PPARγ, PPAR gamma, PPARG|[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P37231 P37231]|Homo sapiens|Cys313|Nuclear hormone r..."

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{{#invoke:InfoboxforTarget|run|PPARγ, PPAR gamma, PPARG|[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P37231 P37231]|Homo sapiens|Cys313|Nuclear hormone receptor family, NR1 subfamily|[[:Category:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma|Ligand list]]|Metabolic enzyme}}
==Summary==

===Protein Function ===
PPARG regulates fatty acid storage and glucose metabolism. The genes activated by PPARG stimulate lipid uptake and adipogenesis by fat cells. PPARG knockout mice fail to generate adipose tissue when fed a high-fat diet. 
This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described. 
Many naturally occurring agents directly bind with and activate PPAR gamma. These agents include various polyunsaturated fatty acids like arachidonic acid and arachidonic acid metabolites such as certain members of the 5-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid and 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid family, e.g. 5-oxo-15(S)-HETE and 5-oxo-ETE or 15-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid family including 15(S)-HETE, 15(R)-HETE, and 15(S)-HpETE. The phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), its metabolite THC-COOH, and its synthetic analog ajulemic acid (AJA). The activation of PPAR gamma by these and other ligands may be responsible for inhibiting the growth of cultured human breast, gastric, lung, prostate and other cancer cell lines. (From Wikipeida) 

===Cys Function & Property===
Several endogenous fatty acid metabolites have been identified as PPARγ ligands. These fatty acid compounds could covalently bind to the PPARγ ligand binding domain (LBD) via a unique cysteine, which is reportedly critical for receptor activation. (PMID: 18977231) 

* Hydrophobic property:
:[[File:520-hydro-2.png||600px]]
* SASA：
:Cys313: 40.483 A^2 

==Protein Sequence==

MGETLGDSPI DPESDSFTDT LSANISQEMT MVDTEMPFWP TNFGISSVDL 
SVMEDHSHSF DIKPFTTVDF SSISTPHYED IPFTRTDPVV ADYKYDLKLQ 
EYQSAIKVEP ASPPYYSEKT QLYNKPHEEP SNSLMAIECR VCGDKASGFH 
YGVHACEGCK GFFRRTIRLK LIYDRCDLNC RIHKKSRNKC QYCRFQKCLA 
VGMSHNAIRF GRMPQAEKEK LLAEISSDID QLNPESADLR ALAKHLYDSY 
IKSFPLTKAK ARAILTGKTT DKSPFVIYDM NSLMMGEDKI KFKHITPLQE 
QSKEVAIRIF QG'''C'''QFRSVEA VQEITEYAKS IPGFVNLDLN DQVTLLKYGV 
HEIIYTMLAS LMNKDGVLIS EGQGFMTREF LKSLRKPFGD FMEPKFEFAV 
KFNALELDDS DLAIFIAVII LSGDRPGLLN VKPIEDIQDN LLQALELQLK 
LNHPESSQLF AKLLQKMTDL RQIVTEHVQL LQVIKKTETD MSLHPLLQEI 
YKDLY 


==Structural Information==
*Known structure with covalent ligand: 
:[https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2ZK2 2ZK2], [https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2ZK1 2ZK1], [https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3WJ4 3WJ4], [https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3WJ5 3WJ5], [https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3B0R 3B0R], [https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2ZK5 2ZK5] 
:[https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3ADX 3ADX], [https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2ZK3 2ZK3], [https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2ZK4 2ZK4], [https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3ADW 3ADW] 

*Protein structure:
[[File:520-2.png|center|800px]]

==Related Pathway==
*[https://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko03320 PPAR signaling pathway] 
*[https://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko04152 AMPK signaling pathway] 
*[https://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko04211 Longevity regulating pathway] 
*[https://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko04380 Osteoclast differentiation] 
*[https://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko04714 Thermogenesis] 
*[https://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko05016 Huntington disease] 
*[https://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko05200 Pathways in cancer] 
*[https://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko05202 Transcriptional misregulation in cancer] 
*[https://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko05216 Thyroid cancer] 

==Experimental Evidence==
:Homologous Analysis of Sequence, Enzymatic Assay

==Reference==
# Waku T, Shiraki T, Oyama T, et al. '''Structural insight into PPARγ activation through covalent modification with endogenous fatty acids[J].''' Journal of molecular biology, 2009, 385(1): 188-199. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=18977231 18977231] 
# Shiraki T, Kamiya N, Shiki S, et al. '''α, β-unsaturated ketone is a core moiety of natural ligands for covalent binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ[J].''' Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2005, 280(14): 14145-14153. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=15695504 15695504] 
# Hiromori Y, Nishikawa J, Yoshida I, et al. '''Structure-dependent activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ by organotin compounds[J].''' Chemico-biological interactions, 2009, 180(2): 238-244. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=19497422 19497422] 
# Waku T, Shiraki T, Oyama T, et al. '''The nuclear receptor PPARγ individually responds to serotonin‐and fatty acid‐metabolites[J].''' The EMBO journal, 2010, 29(19): 3395-3407. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=20717101 20717101] 

[[Category:Targets|Targets]]
[[Category:Homo sapiens|Homo sapiens]]
[[Category:Metabolic enzyme|Metabolic enzyme]]
[[Category:Nuclear hormone receptor family|Nuclear hormone receptor family]]
[[Category:NR1 subfamily|NR1 subfamily]]
[[Category:PPAR signaling pathway|PPAR signaling pathway]]
[[Category:AMPK signaling pathway|AMPK signaling pathway]]
[[Category:Longevity regulating pathway|Longevity regulating pathway]]
[[Category:Osteoclast differentiation|Osteoclast differentiation]]
[[Category:Thermogenesis|Thermogenesis]]
[[Category:Huntington disease|Huntington disease]]
[[Category:Pathways in cancer|Pathways in cancer]]
[[Category:Transcriptional misregulation in cancer|Transcriptional misregulation in cancer]]
[[Category:Thyroid cancer|Thyroid cancer]]

@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
 # Waku T, Shiraki T, Oyama T, et al. '''The nuclear receptor PPARγ individually responds to serotonin‐and fatty acid‐metabolites[J].''' The EMBO journal, 2010, 29(19): 3395-3407. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=20717101 20717101]<br/>
-[[Category:Targets|Targets]]
+[[Category:Targets]]
-[[Category:Homo sapiens|Homo sapiens]]
+[[Category:Homo sapiens]]
-[[Category:Metabolic enzyme|Metabolic enzyme]]
+[[Category:Metabolic enzyme]]
-[[Category:Nuclear hormone receptor family|Nuclear hormone receptor family]]
+[[Category:Nuclear hormone receptor family]]
-[[Category:NR1 subfamily|NR1 subfamily]]
+[[Category:NR1 subfamily]]
-[[Category:PPAR signaling pathway|PPAR signaling pathway]]
+[[Category:PPAR signaling pathway]]
-[[Category:AMPK signaling pathway|AMPK signaling pathway]]
+[[Category:AMPK signaling pathway]]
-[[Category:Longevity regulating pathway|Longevity regulating pathway]]
+[[Category:Longevity regulating pathway]]
-[[Category:Osteoclast differentiation|Osteoclast differentiation]]
+[[Category:Osteoclast differentiation]]
-[[Category:Thermogenesis|Thermogenesis]]
+[[Category:Thermogenesis]]
-[[Category:Huntington disease|Huntington disease]]
+[[Category:Huntington disease]]
-[[Category:Pathways in cancer|Pathways in cancer]]
+[[Category:Pathways in cancer]]
-[[Category:Transcriptional misregulation in cancer|Transcriptional misregulation in cancer]]
+[[Category:Transcriptional misregulation in cancer]]
-[[Category:Thyroid cancer|Thyroid cancer]]
+[[Category:Thyroid cancer]]

@@ Line 53: / Line 53: @@
 ==Experimental Evidence==
-:Homologous Analysis of Sequence, Enzymatic Assay
+:Crystallography, Isotope Labeling
 ==Reference==

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma - Revision history

Wu3857: /* Reference */

Wu3857: /* Experimental Evidence */

Wu3857: Created page with "{| align="left" | __TOC__ |} {{#invoke:InfoboxforTarget|run|PPARγ, PPAR gamma, PPARG|[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P37231 P37231]|Homo sapiens|Cys313|Nuclear hormone r..."

Wu3857: Created page with "{| align="left" | TOC |} {{#invoke:InfoboxforTarget|run|PPARγ, PPAR gamma, PPARG|[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P37231 P37231]|Homo sapiens|Cys313|Nuclear hormone r..."